In this article, readers will discover three fascinating types of lizards found in Wisconsin. The first is the Six-Lined Racerunner, known for its incredible speed and vibrant coloration. Next is the Northern Prairie Skink, a hardy species that can survive freezing temperatures by burrowing below the frost line. Lastly, the Slender Glass Lizard, named for its delicate tail and unique feeding habits. Learn about the identifying characteristics and habitats of these intriguing reptiles in this comprehensive guide to lizards in Wisconsin.
Types of Lizards in Wisconsin
Introduction
Wisconsin may not be the first place that comes to mind when you think of lizards, but believe it or not, there are three fascinating species of lizards that call this state home. In this article, we will explore the characteristics, habitats, and unique features of the Six-Lined Racerunner, Northern Prairie Skink, and Slender Glass Lizard. Each of these lizards brings its own charm and intrigue to the Wisconsin reptile community.
Six-Lined Racerunner
The Six-Lined Racerunner, scientifically known as Aspidoscelis sexlineata, is a small lizard measuring approximately 2.25 to 3.75 inches in length from snout to vent. These lizards are easily recognizable by their distinct markings. They have six to eight light stripes that vary in color from white or yellow to gray-blue, which are separated by broader brown or black stripes. Males usually exhibit brighter coloring, with greens on their back and light turquoise on their belly.
When it comes to habitat, the Six-Lined Racerunner is quite versatile. They can be found in grasslands, rocky terrains, wooded areas, and even floodplains. This adaptability makes it relatively easy to spot one of these lizards as long as you are within their range.
In terms of diet, Six-Lined Racerunners are insectivores, with their primary food source being termites. However, they also consume beetles, ants, and spiders, which can be helpful in controlling pest populations.
One of the most impressive characteristics of the Six-Lined Racerunner is its speed. These lizards can reach speeds of up to 18 miles per hour, earning them the title of the fastest lizards in Wisconsin. Their agility allows them to outmaneuver predators and even curious humans, making for a thrilling sight if you’re fortunate enough to witness their lightning-fast movements.
Northern Prairie Skink
The Northern Prairie Skink, scientifically known as Plestiodon septentrionalis, is a slightly larger lizard, measuring up to 9 inches in length. Its coloring is typically olive-brown with multiple light stripes bordered by dark brown. Some individuals may have a single stripe in the middle of their back, while others may have a pair of stripes. The belly of the Northern Prairie Skink is generally a lighter brown and uniform in color compared to its back.
These skinks prefer open plains and streambeds in northwestern Wisconsin. Despite their preference for these areas, they are remarkably hardy and can survive extremely cold temperatures. Their secret lies in their ability to burrow below the frost line during winter, ensuring that they stay warm enough to prevent freezing.
Scientists have debated the classification of the Northern Prairie Skink and the Southern Prairie Skink as subspecies. While they do not live in the same area, their appearance is distinct enough to warrant separate species status in most references.
Slender Glass Lizard
Ophisaurus attenuatus, more commonly known as the Slender Glass Lizard, is the longest of the three lizards found in Wisconsin. It can reach lengths ranging from 22 to 47 inches. The Slender Glass Lizard has a general brown to black coloring, with whitish markings in the middle of its scales. Younger individuals often have dark stripes along their back and sides, while older individuals develop faint crossbands.
You will likely find Slender Glass Lizards in dry grasslands and open forests in Wisconsin. Their diet consists of insects, spiders, small rodents, and other small lizards. However, unlike snakes, they do not have flexible jaws, which means they can only consume prey smaller than their head.
What sets the Slender Glass Lizard apart from other lizards is its fragile tail. Even without being touched, the tail of these lizards can break off easily, earning them the name “glass lizards.” It is rare to find Slender Glass Lizards with their original tail intact. If you come across a lizard with a tan tail lacking stripes, it is a clear indication that it has lost its original tail.
There are two subspecies of Slender Glass Lizards found in Wisconsin. The Western Slender Glass Lizard (O. attenuatus attenuatus) has shorter tails, while the Eastern Slender Glass Lizard (O. attenuatus longicaudus) has longer tails.
Additional Resources
For those interested in identifying lizards and expanding their knowledge on reptiles and amphibians, the Peterson Field Guides to Reptiles and Amphibians is a valuable resource. This field guide provides comprehensive information and detailed illustrations to assist enthusiasts in their quest for knowledge.
Conclusion
Wisconsin may not be known for its diverse reptile population, but these three lizards demonstrate that there is more to discover than meets the eye. The Six-Lined Racerunner, Northern Prairie Skink, and Slender Glass Lizard each bring their own unique characteristics and adaptations that make them fascinating creatures to observe.
Have you had the chance to see any of these lizards in Wisconsin? If so, we would love to hear about your encounters and observations. Leave a comment below and share your experiences with these remarkable reptiles.